{"id":2545,"date":"2012-01-20T09:13:25","date_gmt":"2012-01-20T01:13:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/drzubaidi.com\/blog\/?p=2545"},"modified":"2023-06-06T11:27:26","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T03:27:26","slug":"prenatal-vitamin-mana-yang-perlu-dibeli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drzubaidi.com\/blog\/prenatal-vitamin-mana-yang-perlu-dibeli\/","title":{"rendered":"Prenatal Vitamin Mana Yang Perlu Dibeli?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ramai wanita hamil yang agak keliru tentang penggunaan multivatimin yang perlu diambil sepanjang kehamilan. Di pasaran terdapat pelbagai produk yang memberikan pelbagai pilihan kepada mereka.<\/p>\n

Saya sendiri tidak pernah mengesyorkan mana-mana jenama. Mereka boleh memilih apa saja jenama asalkan ia mengandungi vitamin dan mineral untuk memenuhi keperluan wanita hamil<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Bekalan tambahan (suplemen) vitamin untuk wanita hamil dinamakan Prenatal Vitamin<\/em><\/strong>. Ia berlainan dengan mana-mana suplemen vitamin yang biasa untuk orang dewasa yang tidak hamil, kerana dosnya berbeza. Suplemen ini boleh didapati dari beberapa pil yang berlainan atau dalam satu set multivitamin yang diformulakan khas untuk wanita hamil.<\/p>\n

Pengambilan suplemen prenatal vitamin memang digalakkan kerana dapat mengurangkan risiko kecacatan ketika hamil, kelahiran pramatang dan kekurangan berat ketika bayi dilahirkan<\/strong>. Ia juga memberikan kekuatan dan membantu wanita hamil mendapat kesihatan yang baik<\/strong> sepanjang kehamilan.<\/p>\n

Ia juga membantu mengurangkan risiko kekurangan nutrisi di kalangan wanita yang mengalami loya, muntah dan tidak mempunyai selera untuk makan<\/strong> di awal kehamilan.<\/p>\n

Malangnya, ramai wanita yang hamil tidak mendapatkan bekalan nutrisi yang secukupnya kerana tidak mengetahui bahawa mereka terpaksa berkongsi nutrisi dengan bayi dalam rahem\u00a0dan sangat memerlukan vitamin dan mineral tambahan.<\/p>\n

Antara suplemen yang penting bagi wanita hamil ialah zat besi (iron), kalsium, folic acid dan omega-3<\/strong>. Namun amalan pengambilan suplemen Prenatal Vitamin \u00a0tidak pula bermakna seorang wanita hamil boleh meninggalkan pemakanan yang mengandungi karbohidrat, protein, lemak dan air.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prenatal vitamins<\/em> juga tidak menjanjikan<\/span> anak yang yang bakal dilahirkan tidak mengalami apa-apa masalah kesihatan atau kecacatan. Kalau boleh diberikan analogi, mengamalkan prenatal vitamin ibarat menggunakan tali pinggang keledar ketika memandu kereta, tapi dalam masa yang sama, tidak menjanjikan pemandu itu selamat dan tidak mengalami kemalangan jalanraya<\/span>. Jika berlaku kemalangan pun, tentu kecederaan yang dialami tidak seteruk pemandu yang tidak memakai tali pinggang keledar.<\/p>\n

Setiap wanita bertanggungjawab memastikan suplemen multivitamin yang diambil tidak melebihi dari dos yang sepatutnya. Hal ini boleh ditanyakan kepada doktor yang merawat.<\/p>\n

Folic Acid <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Folic acid sangat penting bagi perkembangan fizikal dan saraf bayi <\/strong>dalam rahem di awal kehamilan. Ia harus diambil sebaik saja persenyawaan berlaku antara ovum dan sperma supaya kita dapat berikhtiar untuk menghalang kecacatan neural tube<\/em>, di samping membantu pembentukan saraf dan sel-sel yang lain.<\/p>\n

Saya ada menulis berkenaan ini di https:\/\/drzubaidi.com\/blog\/?p=1038<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Oleh itu, ramai pakar perubatan yang mencadangkan agar pengambilan folic acid ini dimulakan sebelum kehamilan<\/span> lagi. Mereka mencadangkan agar folic acid diambil sebaik saja selepas berkahwin kerana ada kalanya kehamilan berlaku tanpa dirancang.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dos yang dicadangkan bagi wanita yang bersedia untuk hamil ialah 400 micrograms (mcg) sehari<\/strong>, sementara wanita yang telah hamil ialah 1,000 mcg sehari<\/strong>. Sebagai makluman, ada pil suplemen vitamin di farmasi mengandungi folic acid dijual dengan dos 5mg (5000 mcg).<\/p>\n

Oleh itu harus berhati-hati memilih pil vitamin yang mempunyai dos folic acid yang sesuai mengikut keperluan.<\/p>\n

Iron <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Iron (zat besi) penting untuk pembentukan sel darah merah yang berfungsi membawa oksigen ke seluruh tubuh. Ia mengurangkan risiko kelahiran pramatang<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Dos yang biasa cadangkan untuk wanita hamil ialah 27 mg<\/strong>, berbanding dengan dos bagi wanita yang tidak hamil ialah 18mg<\/strong>. Sebagai perbandingan, kebanyakan pil suplemen ferrous fumarate 325 mg mengandungi 106mg iron.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Oleh itu jangan mengambil pil suplemen zat iron melebihi satu pil, bagi mengelakkan kesan sampingan seperti sembelit dan pedih perut<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Bagi menggalakkan penyerapan zat iron<\/span> dengan lebih baik, elakkan pengambilan antibiotic seperti ciprofloxacin, doxycycline<\/em>, norfloxacin<\/em> dalam masa 2 jam sebelum atau selepas menelan pil suplemen yang mengandungi zat besi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Terdapat beberapa jenis makanan yang menggganggu penyerapan zat iron<\/span> seperti ikan, daging merah dan hati. Oleh itu pengambilan suplemen zat iron harus dilakukan sejam sebelum atau 2 jam selepas memakan makanan seperti ini<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Begitu juga jika memakan makanan jenis tenusu<\/span> seperti susu, mentega atau keju. Elakkan juga suplemen yang mengandungi kalsium atau antacid (\u2018ubat angin\u2019) yang mengandungi kalsium<\/span> bersama supplemen zat iron kerana ia menghalang penyerapan iron ke dalam tubuh.<\/p>\n

Ini bermakna, pil suplemen zat iron tidak boleh dimakan bersama-sama dengan pil suplemen kalsium.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kalsium <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Kalsium pula sangat penting bagi pembentukan tulang dan gigi<\/strong>. Bekalan kalsium dalam Prenatal Vitamin selalu mempunyai kadar yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan bekalan kalsium dalam multivitamin yang biasa.<\/p>\n

Sungguh pun begitu, Prenatal vitamin tidak membekalkan semua keperluan seharian kalsium yang diperlukan oleh wanita yang hamil. Ini bermakna mereka harus mendapatkan kalsium dari sumber pemakanan yang sihat.<\/p>\n

Tanpa bekalan kalsium yang cukup, wanita yang hamil boleh terdedah kepada risiko preeclampsia<\/em><\/strong>, yang mungkin membawa maut kepada ibu dan anaknya dalam rahem.<\/p>\n

Dos yang diperlukan bagi wanita hamil ialah 1,000 milligrams (mg) setiap hari<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Omega-3<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Omega-3 diperlukan untuk perkembangan otak, membentuk sistem saraf \u00a0dan menjamin penglihatan yang baik<\/strong>. Ikan adalah sumber terbaik bagi omega-3 terutama ikan salmon. Malangnya ikan salmon dibimbangi boleh menyebabkan keracunan merkuri, akibat pencemaran sungai di US. Bagi wanita yang hamil dan menyusukan bayi, dos yang dicadangkan ialah 200-300 mg sehari.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nasihat<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sebaik-baiknya sebelum mengamalkan suplemen prenatal vitamin berbincanglah dengan doktor yang merawat<\/strong>. Adakalanya supplemen ini mengandungi nutrient yang agak tinggi yang bertujuan untuk kegunaan wanita wanita yang bertubuh besar di barat.<\/p>\n

Pengambilan nutrient yang berlebihan boleh menambahkan lagi rasa loya dan muntah kerutama di awal kehamilan<\/span>. Oleh itu pil itu boleh diambil dalam bentuk yang lain seperti berbentuk cecair<\/strong> yang selalu digunakan oleh kanak-kanak, atau membelah pil vitamin<\/strong> itu untuk dimakan pada waktu pagi dan waktu malam. Cara lain ialah menggunakan pil multivitamin yang biasa yang boleh dikunyah (chewable<\/strong>)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Saya selalu menasihatkan agar wanita yang hamil menggunakan hanya pada satu jenama saja yang sesuai untuknya. Penggunaan ketika hamil tidak digalakkan<\/strong> kerana kebanyakan herba yang ada di pasaran sekarang, tidak mempunyai bukti ia selamat untuk wanita hamil.<\/p>\n

Begitu juga dengan pengambilan vitamin A <\/strong>sebagai suplemen Prenatal Vitamin. Pastikan vitamin A yang diambil kurang daripada 5,000 IU dalam sehari<\/strong>. Oleh itu perhatikan label pada botol multivitamin sebelum membelinya.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Walaupun vitamin A sangat penting untuk perkembangan fizikal, penglihatan, dan daya tahan tubuh, namun pengambilan vitamin A yang terlalu banyak boleh menyebabkan kecacatan pada bayi. Fakta ini telah dibuktikan dalam beberapa kajian yang sahih.<\/p>\n

Wallahu a\u2019lam.<\/p>\n

Susunan:<\/strong> Dr Zubaidi Hj Ahmad (200112)<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Rujukan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Lieberman, S, Bruning, N (1990). The Real Vitamin & Mineral Book. NY: Avery Group, 3,<\/li>\n
  2. Maton, Anthea; Jean Hopkins, Charles William McLaughlin, Susan Johnson, Maryanna Quon Warner, David LaHart, Jill D. Wright (1993). Human Biology and Health<\/em>. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall.<\/li>\n
  3. Bender, David A. (2003). Nutritional biochemistry of the vitamins<\/em>. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\n
  4. Kutsky, R.J. (1973). Handbook of Vitamins and Hormones. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ramai wanita hamil yang agak keliru tentang penggunaan multivatimin yang perlu diambil sepanjang kehamilan. Di pasaran terdapat pelbagai produk yang memberikan pelbagai pilihan kepada mereka. Saya sendiri tidak pernah mengesyorkan mana-mana jenama. Mereka boleh memilih apa saja jenama asalkan ia mengandungi vitamin dan mineral untuk memenuhi keperluan wanita hamil. Bekalan tambahan (suplemen) vitamin untuk wanita 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